For decades, Mindanao has carried the title of the “Land of Promise,” a label that weighed heavily with high expectations. However, a pivotal moment in history reshaped this narrative, especially with the election of the first Mindanaoan president, Rodrigo Duterte. Under his leadership, Mindanao is now being seen not just as a land of potential, but as a ‘Land of Fulfillment’—where hope and progress are increasingly becoming reality.

Overcoming divisions on the path to peace and unity

Mindanao has long been home to the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), two factions that had historically clashed with the government. These groups were involved in violent uprisings, including the conflict during the administration of President Joseph Estrada. Estrada’s aggressive approach to fighting the MILF with military force contrasted sharply with President Duterte’s strategy of peace.

Duterte offered dialogue and cooperation, welcoming both MILF and MNLF factions to engage with the Philippine government. In return, they pledged to assist the government in its fight against common threats, including terrorism and rebellion in Mindanao. This shift in approach has led to a more peaceful and united region, though challenges do remain. The New People's Army (NPA), for example, continues to extort businesses through "revolutionary taxes," resulting in serious consequences for those who refuse to comply.

However, Duterte’s tenure was also defined by his controversial war on drugs, a national campaign that greatly impacted Mindanao. The war on drugs, launched in 2016, saw widespread anti-narcotic operations across the country, including in Mindanao, which is known to have high rates of illegal drug use and trafficking. This campaign was heralded by Duterte as a necessary step toward reclaiming communities from the grip of drug cartels and insurgent groups funded by drug money.

Critics, however, pointed to human rights abuses, including extrajudicial killings, as a consequence of the war on drugs. Despite the controversy, Duterte’s administration argued that the war was vital for restoring peace, order, and the rule of law, especially in Mindanao’s troubled areas. By targeting the drug trade, Duterte aimed to weaken the financial resources of groups like the NPA and other criminal factions, creating an opportunity for peace and security to take root.

The rise of Mindanao's cultural and tourism landscape

Mindanao’s rich cultural heritage and natural beauty have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Festivals such as Davao’s Kadayawan and General Santos City’s Kalilangan highlight the region’s vibrant traditions and the diverse history of its indigenous communities. These events have become key drivers of tourism, attracting both local and international visitors eager to experience the island’s colourful dances, music, and cuisine.

Tourism is flourishing, especially with destinations like Siargao, renowned as the “surfing capital of the Philippines.” Enhanced airport facilities and improved connectivity have driven a steady increase in visitor arrivals. Additionally, the development of luxury eco-resorts in Samal Island and cultural tours in Lake Sebu has enriched the tourism experience. The government’s focus on sustainable infrastructure, including nature trails and heritage site restorations, ensures Mindanao’s place as a prime destination for both domestic and international travellers.

Mindanao’s commitment to eco-tourism is exemplified by initiatives such as the Lake Sebu Eco-Cultural Project, which blends T’boli traditions with sustainable tourism practices. Collaborations with international organisations have also led to the creation of green resorts and marine conservation programs, ensuring that Mindanao’s ecological treasures are preserved for future generations.

Connection and growth through the Mindanao railway project

One of the cornerstones of Mindanao’s development is the Mindanao Railway Project (MRP), a transformative infrastructure initiative aimed at improving transportation across the region. As the largest infrastructure project in Mindanao's history, the MRP is poised to enhance economic growth and regional integration. The project’s phased implementation will establish a modern railway network linking major cities such as Davao, Cagayan de Oro, and Butuan, with future extensions reaching General Santos and Zamboanga.

The MRP is expected to revolutionise several sectors. It will provide faster and more cost-effective transportation for businesses, particularly those in agriculture and manufacturing, enabling quicker movement of goods to both domestic and international markets. Additionally, the railway will stimulate tourism by offering an eco-friendly and efficient mode of travel through the region’s scenic landscapes and rich cultural heritage. By bridging isolated communities with urban centres, the railway project is set to create new economic opportunities, reduce poverty, and promote social development across Mindanao.

Growth infrastructure and housing projects

As Mindanao's economy continues to grow, there is an increasing demand for modern infrastructure and housing to support its expanding population. The Duterte administration’s focus on building a "Build, Build, Build" infrastructure program has been instrumental in laying the foundation for growth across the region. Key projects in Mindanao include the construction of new roads, bridges, and airports, designed to connect the islands' major urban centres with more remote areas, facilitating trade and mobility.

In addition to transportation infrastructure, housing projects have been a critical part of Mindanao’s development agenda. Efforts to address the growing population and provide decent housing for residents, particularly in urban centres like Davao and Cagayan de Oro, have been ramped up. The government, in collaboration with private developers, is investing in affordable and sustainable housing projects that cater to various income levels. These initiatives not only address the housing backlog but also contribute to reducing informal settlements and improving the overall quality of life for families in Mindanao.

These housing projects are also aligned with the government’s thrust for disaster-resilient communities. Mindanao, being prone to natural disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes, has seen an increased focus on resilient housing designs. With proper planning and implementation, these housing projects ensure that residents can thrive even in the face of environmental challenges.

Protecting Mindanao’s natural wealth

The Duterte administration’s firm stance against environmental degradation has resulted in significant changes in Mindanao. Mining operations, long criticised for contributing to deforestation and soil erosion, have been curtailed by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). This shift toward sustainable practices ensures that Mindanao’s rich natural resources are preserved for future generations.

Mindanao is home to vast untapped potential. Its mineral deposits are estimated to be worth over $1 trillion, with substantial natural gas and oil reserves identified in the Cotabato Basin, Davao-Agusan Basin, and the Sulu Archipelago. Government initiatives are focused on responsibly exploring these resources, ensuring a balance between economic development and environmental protection. For example, exploration activities in the Liguasan Marsh are carefully monitored to minimise ecological impact, while partnerships with renewable energy companies are helping to complement fossil fuel development with greener alternatives.

Bridging global markets

Mindanao’s strategic location has made it a critical player in regional trade. The Roll-on Roll-off (RoRo) ferry service between Davao, General Santos, and Bitung, Indonesia, has opened new pathways for commerce, offering a faster, more cost-effective route for exporting goods such as fresh fruits, halal poultry, and high-value crops. As noted by Arturo Boncato Jr. of the Department of Trade and Industry, this initiative exemplifies Mindanao’s growing role in international trade.

The rise of agri-industrial zones and export processing hubs has attracted both local and foreign investors. These zones, which produce high-demand goods like bananas, cacao, coffee, and processed seafood, have further integrated Mindanao into the global supply chain. With improved transportation infrastructure through the MRP, Mindanao is positioned to expand its trade footprint and attract even more international investment.

A bright future for Mindanao

Mindanao’s transformation from a land of promise to one of fulfillment is a testament to the resilience and determination of its people. With its abundant resources, strategic location, and improving security, the region is set to play a pivotal role in the Philippines’ economic future. Investments in infrastructure, energy, trade, and housing are unlocking its potential, while sustainable development initiatives ensure that growth is both inclusive and environmentally responsible.

Mindanao is no longer just the “Land of Promise”—it is a land of progress, opportunity, and hope. As it continues to rise, it not only secures its place in the nation’s economic landscape but also redefines what it means to be the Philippines’ future.