Vienna's city history began almost 2,000 years ago with the construction of Vindobona, a Roman military base in today's city center. It quickly grew into a major center, home to as many as 30,000 inhabitants and featuring impressive buildings and an extensive infrastructure. The Römermuseum tells the story of Vindobona using a variety of archaeological finds, including two officers' houses — Vienna’s most important Roman excavations.

Vindobona was a colorful mixture of Romans, locals, and immigrants from all parts of the empire. In addition to stores and living quarters, there were many recreational facilities, including taverns, public baths, and even brothels.

The Römermuseum allows visitors to understand Vindobona with all the senses. In addition to numerous archaeological finds, from everyday items to ancient inscriptions, it features reconstructions of buildings, animated films, interactive objects, and artifacts that can be touched.