The concept of "high conscience" intertwines deeply with religious, philosophical, and scientific discourse. It intersects ideas about human perfection, genetics, and the divine image. This exploration delves into the notion of making perfect copies—both in the literal genetic sense and the metaphysical sense of being created in the image of God. Drawing from philosophical literature and modern scientific research, this article examines the implications of striving for human perfection and the ethical considerations involved in revolutionary bioengineering techniques aimed at enhancing human cognition and sustaining health in a challenging environment.

The light of conscience

At the core of many religious traditions lies the belief in a divine spark within humans, often referred to as the "light of conscience." This idea posits that every individual possesses an innate sense of morality and an inherent connection to the divine. In Christianity, this is encapsulated in the belief that humans are made in the image of God. Genesis 1:27 states, "So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them."

Philosopher Immanuel Kant touches on this innate moral sense in his "Critique of Practical Reason," where he argues for the existence of an inner moral law. Kant suggests that this inner law is a manifestation of a higher, divine order: "Two things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe, the oftener and more steadily we reflect on them: the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me" (Kant, 1788).

The philosophical pursuit of perfection

Philosophically, the pursuit of perfection has been a central theme since ancient times. Plato's theory of Forms posits that the material world is a shadow of a higher reality where perfect forms exist. In this context, humans are seen as imperfect copies of their perfect, ideal forms. Plato writes in "The Republic": "The soul takes flight to the world that is invisible but there arriving she is sure of bliss and forever dwells in paradise."

Similarly, in Christian theology, the concept of Imago Dei (Image of God) suggests that humans are a reflection of God's perfection. This idea is deeply intertwined with the notion of conscience. St. Augustine, in his "Confessions," articulates the tension between human imperfection and divine perfection: "Thou hast made us for thyself, O Lord, and our heart is restless until it finds its rest in thee" (Augustine, 397).

Human genetics and the quest for perfection

In modern times, the pursuit of perfection has taken a new dimension with advancements in genetics. The possibility of creating "perfect" human beings through genetic engineering raises profound ethical and philosophical questions. The idea of making perfect genetic copies can be seen as an extension of the age-old desire to attain divine perfection.

Aldous Huxley's "Brave New World" explores a dystopian future where humans are genetically engineered for perfection. Huxley warns of the potential loss of individuality and moral depth in such a society: "But I don't want comfort. I want God, I want poetry, I want real danger, I want freedom, I want goodness. I want sin" (Huxley, 1932).

The philosopher Jürgen Habermas, in "The Future of Human Nature," argues against the genetic enhancement of humans, emphasizing the ethical implications and the potential erosion of human dignity. He writes, "The more human beings are constrained to attribute their actions, achievements, and character traits to their biological makeup, the more the fundamental symmetry in our moral self-understanding is destroyed" (Habermas, 2003).

The counterpoint: the necessity of bioengineering for human evolution

However, there is a compelling counterpoint to the argument against genetic enhancement. Proponents argue that revolutionary bioengineering techniques are essential for human evolution, particularly in an era where pollution, disease, and environmental degradation threaten the quality of life. Enhancing human cognition and the ability to sustain health in harsh environments may be necessary for the survival and advancement of humanity.

Dr. Jennifer Doudna, a pioneer in CRISPR gene-editing technology, emphasizes the potential of genetic engineering to address complex health challenges. In her book "A Crack in Creation," she writes, "We now have the opportunity to treat, or even cure, genetic diseases that have plagued humanity for centuries. This technology holds the promise of preventing suffering and enhancing the quality of life for future generations" (Doudna, 2017).

Similarly, Ray Kurzweil, a prominent futurist and advocate for human enhancement, argues that bioengineering and other technological advancements are crucial for the continued evolution of humanity. In "The Singularity Is Near," he states, "The merger of biological and nonbiological intelligence will enable us to transcend our biological limitations and amplify our creativity, wisdom, and effectiveness" (Kurzweil, 2005).

Modern philosophies and the golden ratio

The Golden Ratio, a principle of harmony and proportion found in nature, art, and architecture, can also be applied to modern philosophies regarding human enhancement. The pursuit of balance and optimal design in the human form resonates with both ancient and contemporary thought. The Golden Ratio represents a quest for perfection that aligns with the goals of genetic engineering and cognitive enhancement.

The application of the Golden Ratio to human enhancement is seen in fields such as haptics and cognitive science. In haptics, researchers aim to create interfaces that mimic the natural tactile sensations of the human body. Dr. Katherine J. Kuchenbecker, a leading expert in haptic technology, notes, "By understanding the principles of the Golden Ratio and applying them to the design of haptic devices, we can create more intuitive and effective interfaces that enhance human interaction with technology" (Kuchenbecker, 2012).

In cognitive science, the enhancement of human cognition through neurotechnology is guided by principles of harmony and proportion. Dr. David Eagleman, a neuroscientist and author, explores the potential of neuroenhancement in his book "The Brain: The Story of You." He writes, "As we learn more about the brain's structure and function, we can develop technologies that enhance cognitive abilities, leading to a more enlightened and capable society" (Eagleman, 2015).

The image of God and human dignity

The theological concept of being made in the image of God underpins the inherent dignity of every human being. This belief serves as a counterpoint to the idea of perfect genetic copies, emphasizing the unique and unrepeatable nature of each individual. The Catholic Church, in its teachings, asserts that every person is a unique reflection of God's creativity and love. Pope John Paul II, in his encyclical "Evangelium Vitae," writes, "Man's life comes from God; it is his gift, his image and imprint, a sharing in his breath of life. God therefore is the sole Lord of this life: man cannot do with it as he wills" (John Paul II, 1995).

Ethical considerations and the future of human enhancement

The ethical considerations surrounding human enhancement are complex and multifaceted. While the potential benefits of genetic engineering and cognitive enhancement are significant, they must be weighed against the risks and moral implications.

One key ethical concern is the potential for inequality and social division. Enhancements that are accessible only to a privileged few could exacerbate existing disparities and create new forms of inequality. Dr. Julian Savulescu, a bioethicist, argues for the responsible and equitable use of enhancement technologies. In "Unfit for the Future," he writes, "We must ensure that the benefits of human enhancement are distributed fairly and that they contribute to the well-being of all individuals, not just the privileged" (Savulescu, 2012).

Another ethical issue is the potential loss of individuality and human diversity. The pursuit of perfection through genetic engineering could lead to a homogenization of the human population, eroding the rich diversity that characterizes humanity. Dr. Nick Bostrom, a philosopher known for his work on human enhancement, emphasizes the importance of preserving human diversity. In "Superintelligence," he writes, "Humanity's strength lies in its diversity. We must be cautious in our pursuit of enhancement to ensure that we do not lose the unique qualities that make us human" (Bostrom, 2014).

Conclusion

The interplay between high conscience, human genetics, and the theological concept of being made in the image of God reveals deep philosophical and ethical complexities. While the pursuit of perfection is a timeless human endeavor, it is crucial to recognize the intrinsic value and dignity of each person. The light of conscience within each individual is a testament to our shared humanity and our connection to the divine.

At the same time, the challenges posed by environmental degradation, disease, and the need for cognitive enhancement necessitate the exploration of revolutionary bioengineering techniques. As we navigate the possibilities of genetic engineering and the quest for perfection, we must heed the wisdom of both philosophical and scientific traditions. The pursuit of balance, harmony, and ethical responsibility will guide us in leveraging these technologies to enhance the quality of life while preserving the unique and sacred nature of human life.

References

1 Saint Augustine. "Confessions." 397 AD.
2 Bostrom, Nick. "Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies." 2014.
3 Doudna, Jennifer. "A Crack in Creation: Gene Editing and the Unthinkable Power to Control Evolution." 2017.
4 Eagleman, David. "The Brain: The Story of You." 2015.
5 Habermas, Jürgen. "The Future of Human Nature." 2003.
6 Huxley, Aldous. "Brave New World." 1932.
7 John Paul II, Pope. "Evangelium Vitae." 1995.
8 Kant, Immanuel. "Critique of Practical Reason." 1788.
9 Kuchenbecker, Katherine J. "Haptics: An Interdisciplinary Approach." 2012.
10 Kurzweil, Ray. "The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology." 2005.
11 Plato. "The Republic." 380 BC.
12 Savulescu, Julian. "Unfit for the Future: The Need for Moral Enhancement." 2012.